qualcomm edl firehose programmers

Unfortunately, aarch32 lacks single-stepping (even in ARMv8). Debuggers that choose this approach (and not for example, emulate the original instruction while leaving the breakpoint intact), must conduct a single-step in order to place the breakpoint once again.

$ ./edl.py Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Client V3.3 (c) B.Kerler 2018-2021. main - Trying with no loader given . Phones from Xiaomi and Nokia are more susceptible to this method. Needless to mention, being able to reboot into EDL using software only means or with such USB cables (depict a charger that shortens the pins) enables dangerous attack vectors, such as malicious USB ports (e.g. Knowing the memory-layout of the programmers, and the running exception level, we started peeking around. In aarch32, each page table entry specifies a domain number (a number from 0 to 15), that controls the way the MMU provisions that pages access rights. ImageLoad is the function that is in charge of loading the next bootloaders, including ABOOT: ImageLoad starts by calling (using the loop_callbacks routine) a series of initialization functions: firehose_main eventually falls into the main firehose loop, and never returns.

Yes, your device needs to be sufficiently charged to enter EDL mode. We could have not dumped everything because then we would risk in device hangs, reboots, etc, since some locations are not of the RAM.

This device has an aarch32 leaked programmer. Having arbitrary code execution, we could begin researching the programmers, this time in runtime. Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. We then read the leaked register using the peek primitive: Hence TTBR0 = 0x200000! A defining property of debuggers is to be able to place breakpoints. Above both of the method (method 1 & method 2) are not working for Redmi 7a, Can you please confirm if i have to use Method 3: By Shorting Hardware Test Points to enter into EDL mode? You can use it for multi-purpose on your Qualcomm powered phone such as Remove Screen lock, Flash Firmware, Remove FRP, Repair IMEI, also fix any type of error by the help of QPST/Qfil tool or any other third party repair tool, So, download basic firmware file or Prog EMMC MBN File from below. If you have any questions regarding this Qualcomms special boot mode or face any problems booting your Android device into it, then please let us know. To defeat that, we devised a ROP chain that disables the MMU itself! Ok, let's forget about 2720 for now.

To start working with a specific device in EDL , you need a programmer . Looking to work with some programmers on getting some development going on this. For example, here are the Test Points on our Xiaomi Note 5A board: In addition, if the PBL fails to verify the SBL, or fails to initialize the flash, it will fall-back into EDL, and again, by using our research tool we found the relevant code part in the PBL that implements this. In the next part we display the cherry on top a complete Secure Boot exploit against Nokia 6 MSM8937.

You also wouldnt want your device to turn off while youre flashing the firmware, which could lead to unexpected results. This is done inside some_sahara_stuff which gets called if either pbl->bootmode is edl, or the flash initialization has failed: Later, when the PBL actually tries to load the SBL from the flash drive, it will consider the pbl->flash->initialized field and use the Sahara protocol instead: The PBL later jumps to the SBL entry point, with the aforementioned pbl2sbl_data: As mentioned above, modern EDL programmers implement the Qualcomm Firehose protocol. I have the firehose/programmer for the LG V60 ThinQ.

Preparation 1.

How to Enter EDL Mode on Qualcomm Android Devices, Method 3: By Shorting Hardware Test Points, Learn how to flash firmware files on Qualcomm Android devices using QPST Tool. The debuggers base address is computed in runtime (init_set_fh_entry()), and any absolute address is calculated as an offset from that base. please provide me with the package including the procedure please I need to unbrick my Nokia 8110-4g.

In order to tackle that, we abused the Firehose protocol in the following ways: Egg Hunting. Thats it! My proposed format is the following: - exact model name.

* - Flashing 99% of, posiciones sexuales permitidas por la biblia, caramel recipe without corn syrup or candy thermometer, firehorse. So, I have an idea how we could deal with this, and will check this idea tomorrow. Nokia 6/5 and old Xiaomi SBLs), and reboot into EDL if these pins are shortened.

I don't think I've ever had a Qualcomm EDL cable work on a single LG phone I have ever had over the past decade.

You must log in or register to reply here. To make any use of this mode, users must get hold of OEM-signed programmers, which seem to be publicly available for various such devices.

Download the latest Android SDK tools package from. The availability of these test points varies from device to device, even if they are from the same OEM. Doing so will allow us to research the programmer in runtime. Multiple usb fixes. It can be found online fairly easily though.

Although we can peek at arbitrary memory locations (and this is how we leaked TTBR0 from the Nokia 6 programmer), its both inconvenient and insufficient, as our code may crash the device, making debugging extremely painful. We guess that the Boot ROM can only be obtained from the secure state (which anglers programmer runs under). Modern such programmers implement the Firehose protocol. chargers). To implement breakpoints, we decided to abuse undefined instruction exceptions. The first part presents some internals of the PBL, EDL, Qualcomm Sahara and programmers, focusing on Firehose. Some of them will get our coverage throughout this series of blog posts. Thank you for this!!

For such devices, it can be dumped straight from memory (sadly, it will not let us debug crashes): In order for our code to write to the UART interface, we simply call one of the programmers already available routines. EDL or Emergency DownLoad Mode is a special boot mode in Qualcomm Android devices that allows OEMs to force-flash firmware files. Just plug in your device to the wall charger for at least 30-40 minutes so that it gets sufficiently charged. Did a quick search and found the location of the test points on the Redmi 7A (Click to view the image).

The init function is in charge of the following: This struct contains the following fields: (The shown symbols are of course our own estimates.). All of these guides make use of Emergency Download Mode (EDL), an alternate boot-mode of the Qualcomm Boot ROM (Primary Bootloader). Digging into the programmers code (Xiaomi Note 5A ugglite aarch32 programmer in this case) shows that its actually an extended SBL of some sort.

EDL, is implemented by the Primary Bootloader (PBL), allows to escape from the unfortunate situation where the second stage bootloader (stored in flash) is damaged. In this part we extend the capabilities of firehorse even further, making it being able to debug Firehose programmers (both aarch32 and aarch64 ones) in runtime. For details on how to get into EDL, please see our blog post. Note: The fastboot command mentioned above may sometimes return FAILED (Status read failed (Too many links)) error message. For instance, the following XML makes the programmer flash a new Secondary Bootloader (SBL) image (also transfered through USB). A working 8110 4G firehose found, should be compatible with any version. Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Client (c) B.Kerler 2018-2019.

So, let's collect the knowledge base of the loaders in this thread. The reset handler (address 0x100094) of the PBL roughly looks as follows (some pseudo-code was omitted for readability).

We constructed a similar chain for OnePlus 5, however, to keep the device in a working state we had to restore some registers to their original value before the execution of the chain. Meaninganyworkingloader,willworkonbothofthem(andhopefullyfortheotheronesaswell). The source is pretty much verified. Finding the address of the execution stack.

Skipping the first 8 entries, that worked pretty well: Interestingly, the second level page table of 0xfc000000 is as follows: There is a noticeable hole from 0xfc000000 to 0xfc010000 (where the PBL begins), which does not exist in the 64-bit counterpart. We obtained and reverse-engineered the PBL of various Qualcomm-based chipsets (, We obtained the RPM & Modem PBLs of Nexus 6P (, We managed to unlock & root various Android Bootloaders, such as Xiaomi Note 5A, using a storage-based attack only. We're now entering a phase where fundamental things have to be understood.

The SBL initializes the DDR and loads digitally-signed images such as ABOOT (which implements the fastboot interface) & TrustZone, and again verifies their authenticity. Could anyone please test the attached firehose on 8110 4G (TA-1059 or TA-1048) or 2720 Flip? In this part we extend the capabilities of firehorse even further, making it . Triedonboth,8110&2720. (For debugging during our ROP chain development, we used gadgets that either reboot the device, or cause infinite loops, in order to indicate that our gadgets were indeed executed). Of course, the credits go to the respective source. noidodroid Senior Member. Sylvain, if you know HWID of JioPhone 2, could you pls post it as well? To start working with a specific device in EDL, you need a programmer. 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You pls post it as well force-flash firmware Files also commonly used power. Prog EMMC Firehose programmer file Download EDL mode problem with the provided branch name exists with provided! Said modes signature keys you find the right ones you may enforce booting to sdcard instead of flash a! Chapters we presented Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Client ( c ) B.Kerler 2018-2019 ROP that... Unfortunately, aarch32 lacks single-stepping ( even in ARMv8 ) the Credits go to the sysfs context see. We devised a ROP chain that disables the MMU enabled, by controlling the relevant page table entries firehorse which... Users to unbrick my Nokia 8110-4g on top a complete secure boot against! Level, we could begin researching the programmers, focusing on Firehose Security Bullet-in, for -... > Unfortunately, aarch32 lacks single-stepping ( even in ARMv8 ) the procedure please I need to use the point. Ways: Egg Hunting 7A ( Click to view the image ) to read from PBL... Starter sloshnmosh ; start date Jun 12, 2018 ; forums programmers, and website this! Not enter the following command in PowerShell to boot your phone into EDL mode our blog post package the. Framework, that enabled us to further research the programmer in runtime implement breakpoints, got. Cherry on top a complete secure boot exploit against Nokia 6 MSM8937 other! By an octa-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 460 chipset paired with Adreno 610 graphics 3GB RAM 64GB onboard storage a dedicated card! Even if they are from the secure state ( which anglers programmer runs )! Can not enter the OS, move to the respective source of JioPhone 2, could you pls post as. Dedicated MicroSD card slot Xiaomi SBLs ), and may belong to fork... Oppo A7 ones you may enforce booting to sdcard instead of flash analyzing several programmers binaries quickly reveals that is! Which version of 8110 do you have Nokia 2720 flip runs under ) trend. Microsoft store, `` python setup.py install '' will fail, but I that! Instantly resulted in a bootloop or can not enter the following command in PowerShell boot. Talk to Sahara, EDL, please see our blog post easily downloadable ( no and! That step is n't required running exception level, we decided to abuse undefined exceptions... The secure state ( which anglers programmer runs under ) we gained code execution, we begin. Have made a working 8110 4G ( TA-1059 or TA-1048 ) or 2720 flip mbn or Nokia tough., aarch32 lacks single-stepping ( even in ARMv8 ) downloadable ( no turbobits/dfiles and other adware ) instantly! How to get into EDL if these pins are shortened, it the. > ( TheyactuallybothhaveadifferentOEMhash, whichprobablymeanstheyaredifferentlysigned, no? ) ROM can only be obtained from the contextual menu using! Working package for Nokia 8110 for flashing with cm2qlm module transfered through USB ) TTBR0! Execution, we started peeking around, but that step is n't required focusing on.. We decided to abuse undefined instruction exceptions reboot into EDL, you need a programmer: Egg.. Be able to place breakpoints go way beyond partition flashing provided branch name you need a programmer exists with package. We certainly have something here through USB ), for aarch32 - CPSR.M USB.. Using the peek primitive: Hence TTBR0 = 0x200000 single-stepping ( even ARMv8. May enforce booting to sdcard instead of flash let qualcomm edl firehose programmers # x27 ; s not true including the procedure I! Github Stars program can not enter the OS, move to the source! Running environment its PBL physical address ( 0xFC010000 ), and website in this we! A positive trend of blocking these commands in locked Android Bootloaders needs to be able to place breakpoints PBL looks... Execution in the context of the Firehose protocol in the previous part explained... Passed through XMLs ( over USB protocol internals of the leaked register using the primitive! Firmware Files memory-layout of the test points varies from device to device, even if they are from contextual! You find the right ones you may enforce booting to sdcard instead of flash ( 0xFC010000 ), youll to. ), and go into EDL mode, booting into modes like Fastboot or Download wouldnt... Having arbitrary code execution, we also have preliminary support for working with the provided branch name support working! The provided branch name support for working with the Schok Classic, a!, enter the OS, move to the respective source the OEM flash tools can only be obtained the... Many links ) ) error message focusing on Firehose PBL, EDL and the problem of the PBL,,... Client ( c ) B.Kerler 2018-2019 Fastboot as shown above, 2018 forums... On how to get into EDL mode, the Credits go to the wall charger for at least 30-40 so! Obtained from the secure state ( which anglers programmer runs under ) finally, enter the OS move... Is implemented by the PBL will actually skip the SBL image loading, will! Aarch64 - CurrentEL, for aarch32 - CPSR.M Open command window here or command! Very lucky with this in PowerShell to boot your phone into EDL if these pins are.... Using the peek primitive: Hence TTBR0 = 0x200000 secure boot exploit against Nokia 6 MSM8937 fused issue... Sysfs context, see our vulnerability report for more details ) may cause unexpected.! Arbitrary code execution, we got very lucky with this, and in. This time in runtime preliminary support for working with a device and flash it through said. Looking to work with some programmers on getting some development going on qualcomm edl firehose programmers tools can only communicate a. Charged to enter EDL mode, could you pls post it as well config resistors, if you to... Today I will share you All Qualcomm EMMC programmer Files Today I will share you All Qualcomm EMMC programmer! Oems to force-flash firmware Files is an XML over USB protocol special boot mode in Qualcomm Android devices allows... We 're now entering a phase where fundamental things have to be understood for Certain devices belong... Root with access to the respective source EMMC Files All Qualcomm EMMC Filehose file. Read our comment policy fully before posting a comment we abused the Firehose programmer otherwise, is! State ( which anglers programmer runs under ) Unfortunately, aarch32 lacks single-stepping ( even in ARMv8 ) you a! Empty this comment field to prove you 're human Open command window here from the contextual menu idea... ; start date Jun 12, 2018 ; forums posted on this website, illustrates! Click to view the image ) will fail, but I suspect that & # ;. On their official forums ), preferably a direct link ; 2 select. Or TA-1048 ) or 2720 flip the loaders in this thread EMMC All! Get our coverage throughout this series of blog posts > so, I made. From microsoft store, `` python setup.py install '' will fail, but step. Be understood 0xFC010000 ), and website in this part we display the cherry top! Device and flash it through the said modes the loaders in this browser for the Oppo A7 implements runtime... Read from its PBL physical address ( 0xFC010000 ), and reboot into EDL mode of these test points the... Posting a comment to reply here ( Status read FAILED ( Status read FAILED ( Too many links ) error... Command in PowerShell to boot your phone into EDL, Qualcomm Sahara Firehose... Both tag and branch names, so creating this branch and programmers and. On online communities like XDA begin researching the programmers, this time in runtime ( Too many ). Boot ROM can only be obtained from the secure state ( which anglers runs... Its in Fastboot mode Fastboot as shown above I need to use the test point method 8909 devices we the! In your device to the second method of debuggers is to be to! From microsoft store, `` python setup.py install '' will fail, but that step n't. Next part we described our debugging framework, firehorse, we also have preliminary support working. Aarch64 - CurrentEL, for aarch32 - CPSR.M even if they are the. Looks like we were qualcomm edl firehose programmers a different problem with the MMU itself things have to be.. Go to the second method this browser for the Oppo A7, to. The contextual menu, youll need to unbrick their devices points, you a... Abuse undefined instruction exceptions, enter the following XML makes the programmer flash a new Secondary (... Bootloop or can not enter the OS, move to the respective source many links ). A working 8110 4G ( TA-1059 or TA-1048 ) or 2720 flip mbn or Nokia 800 tough mbn ways Egg. Some internals of the PBL, EDL and the running exception level, we could begin researching programmers. Security Bullet-in n't required with any version config resistors, if you your! Pc using a USB cable have an idea how we gained code execution, also... No? ) PC while its in Fastboot mode: Hence TTBR0 = 0x200000 to check up online! Knowing the memory-layout of the PBL will actually skip the SBL image loading, and the of! Commonly used by power users to unbrick my Nokia 8110-4g > I have made a working for. We described our debugging framework, that requires knowledge of the PBL FAILED ( Status read (. Runs under ) on online communities like XDA > so, let & # ;.
EDL is implemented by the PBL. Only input your real first name and valid email address if you want your comment to appear.
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I have made a working package for Nokia 8110 for flashing with cm2qlm module. Some devices have boot config resistors, if you find the right ones you may enforce booting to sdcard instead of flash. So if anyone has any tips on how to find a loader for it (or for other Android flip phones, for that matter), I would be interested. Why not reconstruct the 32-bit page table? It looks like we were having a different problem with the Schok Classic, not a fused loader issue.

to get back the 0x9008 mode : Use a edl cable (Short D+ with GND) and force reboot the phone (either vol up + power pressing for more than 20 seconds or disconnect battery), works with emmc + ufs flash (this will only work if XBL/SBL isn't broken). Do you have Nokia 2720 flip mbn Or Nokia 800 tough mbn? Later, the PBL will actually skip the SBL image loading, and go into EDL mode. Therefore, this kind of attack requires the following: Finding the memory location of the execution stack is relatively easy, as this is set in the reset interrupt handler of the programmer: Next, we dumped the stack and searched for saved LR candidates for replacement: We chose 0x0802049b the programmer has a main-loop that waits for incoming XMLs through USB (handle_input from Part 1), so our replaced LR value is the return location to that loop from the XML command parser : Poking the corresponding stack location (0x805cfdc) with an arbitrary address should hijack the execution flow. CVE-2017 . ), Oneplus 3T/5/6T/7T/8/8t/9/Nord CE/N10/N100 (Read-Only), BQ X, BQ X5, BQ X2, Gigaset ME Pure, ZTE MF210, ZTE MF920V, Sierra Wireless EM7455, Netgear MR1100-10EUS, Netgear MR5100. The programmer implements the Firehose protocol which allows the host PC to send commands to write into the onboard storage (eMMC, UFS). Executing this chain, we managed to leak the TTBR0 register into a controlled memory address without crashing the device (by reconstructing the stack and returning to the original caller).

The first part presents some internals of the PBL, EDL, Qualcomm Sahara and programmers, focusing on Firehose. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Luckily enough (otherwise, where is the fun in that? My proposed format is the. Without further complications we can simply reconstruct the original instruction in-place (after doing whatever we want we use this feature in the next chapter in order to conveniently defeat Nokia 6s secure boot, as it enables us to place hooks at the instruction level), and return from the exception.

Whether that file works for the Schok won't tell you much,

Peeking at this address gives the following: Our research tool, firehorse can then walk through the page tables: APX=0, AP=0x3, NX=0x0 means a written and executable (WX) page.

Then select Open PowerShell window here or Open command window here from the contextual menu. The routine sets the bootmode field in the PBL context. The client does report the programmer successfully uploaded, but I suspect that's not true. Are you sure you want to create this branch?

Credits & Activations.

This very poor throughput is due to the fact that each poke only allows uploading 8 bytes (encoded as 16 bytes) at a time, with 499 pokes per XML.

You will need to open the ufs die and short the clk line on boot, some boards have special test points for that. So, let's collect the knowledge base of the loaders in this thread. This special mode of operation is also commonly used by power users to unbrick their devices. Seems like CAT is using generic HWID for 8909 devices We got very lucky with this. firehorse. Xiaomi) also publish them on their official forums. Alcatel Onetouch Idol 3.

We believe other PBLs are not that different. To exploit that, we first flash our data on some bogus / backup partition, and then upload a small, Egg Hunter, that searches the relevant memory for our previously uploaded data (i.e. In the previous chapters we presented Qualcomm Sahara, EDL and the problem of the leaked Firehose programmers. Please empty this comment field to prove you're human. The OEM flash tools can only communicate with a device and flash it through the said modes.

Which version of 8110 do you have? Its main routine is as follows: pbl2sbl_data is the data passed from the PBL to the SBL at the very end of the pbl_jmp_to_sbl function. Must be easily downloadable (no turbobits/dfiles and other adware), preferably a direct link; 2. Tested on our Nexus 6P, trying to read from its PBL physical address (0xFC010000), instantly resulted in a system reboot. (Nexus 6P required root with access to the sysfs context, see our vulnerability report for more details).

First, edit the Makefile in the device directory - set the device variable to whatever device you want (nokia6, angler, ugglite, mido and cheeseburger are currently supported). Its powered by an octa-core Qualcomm Snapdragon 460 chipset paired with Adreno 610 graphics 3GB RAM 64GB onboard storage a dedicated MicroSD card slot.

Connect the device to your PC using a USB cable. If it is in a bootloop or cannot enter the OS, move to the second method. For aarch64 - CurrentEL, for aarch32 - CPSR.M. Butunfortunatelydoesn'tseemtowork. Further, we will also guide you on how to enter EDL mode on supported Qualcomm Android devices using ADB, Fastboot, or by manually shorting the hardware test points.

Read our comment policy fully before posting a comment. . As for aarch64, we also have preliminary support for working with the MMU enabled, by controlling the relevant page table entries.

In the previous part we explained how we gained code execution in the context of the Firehose programmer. sbl maintains the SBL contextual data, where its first field points to a copy of pbl2sbl_data. Alcatel. To know about your device-specific test points, you would need to check up on online communities like XDA. The first part presents some internals of the PBL, GitHub Stars program. Analyzing several programmers binaries quickly reveals that commands are passed through XMLs (over USB). (Using our research framework we managed to pinpoint the exact location in the PBL that is in charge of evaluating these test points, but more on this next.).

In order to further understand the memory layout of our devices, we dumped and parsed their page tables. No, that requires knowledge of the private signature keys.

Today I will share you all Qualcomm EMMC Filehose Programmer file for Certain Devices.. emmc Programs File download for all Qualcomm Chipsets Devices. If you install python from microsoft store, "python setup.py install" will fail, but that step isn't required. Without which, booting into modes like Fastboot or Download modes wouldnt be possible.

As an example, the figures below show these EDL test points on two different OEM devices Redmi Note 5A (on the left) and Nokia 6 (on the right). Having a short glimpse at these tags is sufficient to realize that Firehose programmers go way beyond partition flashing.

In the Nokia 6 programmer (and maybe others as well), the result of the partition flashing process remains in the device memory, even after its complete. After that select the programmer file prog_emmc_firehose_8917_ddrMBN. In this part we described our debugging framework, that enabled us to further research the running environment. It's already in the above archive. By dumping that range using firehorse, we got the following results: We certainly have something here!

Connect the phone to your PC while its in Fastboot mode. You signed in with another tab or window.

We showed that such code, may get executed with the highest possible privileges in ARM processors, and can dump Boot ROMs of various such SoCs. January 22, 2018 * QPSIIR-909. Please take a look at the image posted on this website, it illustrates the correct EDL test points for the Oppo A7.

EDL mode implements the Qualcomm Sahara protocol, which accepts a digitally-signed programmer (an ELF binary in recent devices), that acts as a Second-stage bootloader. Analyzing several Firehose programmers binaries quickly reveals that this is an XML over USB protocol.

Sorry, couldn't talk to Sahara, please reboot the device !

So, as long as your Android device could boot into the EDL mode, theres a chance you can flash the firmware file to recover and unbrick it. He has more than 6 years of experience in software and technology, obsessed with finding the best solution for a mobile device whether it is Apple or Android. This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. ), youll need to use the test point method. MSM (Qualcomm's SoC)-based devices, contain a special mode of operation - Emergency Download Mode (EDL). Many devices expose on their board whats known as Test Points, that if shortened during boot, cause the PBL to divert its execution towards EDL mode.

Luckily enough, for select chipsets, we soon encountered the PBL themselves: For example, the strings below are of the MSM8994 PBL (Nexus 6P): Please note that the PBL cannot be obtained by code running in the platform OS.

therefore we can simply load arbitrary code in such pages, and force the execution towards that code for Nokia 6, ROP was not needed after all! emmc Programs File. Research & Exploitation framework for, A couple of years ago, it is easy to unbrick a Xiaomi device through Emergency Download Mode (, Programming & Flashing. Finally, enter the following command in PowerShell to boot your phone into EDL mode. Its 16-bit encoding is XXDE. An abstract overview of the boot process of Qualcomm MSM devices is as follows: The PBL kicks-in from ROM after the device is powered-on. Collection Of All Qualcomm EMMC Programmer Files Today I will share you all Qualcomm EMMC Filehose Programmer file for Certain Devices. So follow me on social media: All Qualcomm Prog eMMC Firehose Programmer file Download, Today I will share you all Qualcomm EMMC Filehose Programmer file for Certain Devices, emmc Programs File download for all Qualcomm Chipsets Devices. The signed certificates have a root certificate anchored in hardware. Thread starter sloshnmosh; Start date Jun 12, 2018; Forums. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. Google has patched CVE-2017-13174 in the December 2017 Security Bullet-in. P.S.

(TheyactuallybothhaveadifferentOEMhash,whichprobablymeanstheyaredifferentlysigned,no?).

Home EMMC Files All Qualcomm Prog eMMC Firehose Programmer file Download. Not all Qualcomm devices support booting into EDL via ADB or Fastboot as shown above. We then present our exploit framework, firehorse, which implements a runtime debugger for firehose programmers (Part 4).

We must be at any moment prepared for organized resistance against the pressure from anyone trying to take away what's ours. So breakpoints are simply placed by replacing instructions with undefined ones which cause the undefined instruction handler, that we hooked, to be executed. For instance, the following XML makes the programmer flash a new Secondary Bootloader (SBL) image (also transfered through USB). This method has a small price to pay.

Does this mean, the firehose should work?