brazil, civil registration records

[14], It also encompasses a number of oceanic archipelagos, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks, and Trindade and Martim Vaz. [55][56] In the first two centuries of colonization, Indigenous and European groups lived in constant war, establishing opportunistic alliances in order to gain advantages against each other. [176] Major rivers include the Amazon (the world's second-longest river and the largest in terms of volume of water), the Paran and its major tributary the Iguau (which includes the Iguazu Falls), the Negro, So Francisco, Xingu, Madeira and Tapajs rivers. The pro-Bolsonaro encampments outside army barracks were cleared, and a new round of protests on January 11 never materialized. [16], Brazil's navy once operated some of the most powerful warships in the world with the two Minas Geraes-class dreadnoughts, sparking a naval arms race between Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. Amorim, who was Brazils foreign minister during Lulas 2003-2010 administration, said he hoped the uprising had been nipped in the bud. [77] There they established some of Brazil's first financial institutions, such as its local stock exchanges[78] and its National Bank, additionally ending the Portuguese monopoly on Brazilian trade and opening Brazil to other nations. They have a governor and a unicameral legislative body elected directly by their voters. Regarding livestock, it is one of the 5 largest producers of chicken meat, beef, pork and cow's milk in the world. The second was a Communist uprising in November 1935, and the last one a putsch attempt by local fascists in May 1938. [140] His vice-president, Joo Goulart, assumed the presidency, but aroused strong political opposition[141] and was deposed in April 1964 by a coup that resulted in a military dictatorship. [292][293] Micro and small businesses represent 30% of the country's GDP. [453] A lyrical fusion of samba and jazz, bossa nova acquired a large following starting in the 1960s. [434] The indigenous Amerindians influenced Brazil's language and cuisine; and the Africans influenced language, cuisine, music, dance and religion. [177] Temperatures average 25C (77F),[179] with more significant temperature variation between night and day than between seasons. Fritz Mller: a naturalist in Brazil. [300], In terms of the 2015 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI), which is a measurement of the factors that make it attractive to develop business in the travel and tourism industry of individual countries, Brazil ranked in the 28st place at the world's level, third in the Americas, after Canada and United States. WebBrazil. [358] Illiteracy was high (24.18%) among the rural population and lower (9.05%) among the urban population. Facts about Brazils history. Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil; Brazilian Portuguese: ()), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: Repblica Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in South America and in Latin America.At 8.5 million square kilometers (3,300,000 sq mi) and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. [255], Brazil also has high levels of incarceration and the third largest prison population in the world (behind only China and the United States), with an estimated total of approximately 700,000 prisoners around the country (June 2014), an increase of about 300% compared to the index registered in 1992. [457][458][459], Brazilian Modernism, evidenced by the Modern Art Week in 1922, was concerned with a nationalist avant-garde literature,[460] while Post-Modernism brought a generation of distinct poets like Joo Cabral de Melo Neto, Carlos Drummond de Andrade, Vinicius de Moraes, Cora Coralina, Graciliano Ramos, Ceclia Meireles, and internationally known writers dealing with universal and regional subjects like Jorge Amado, Joo Guimares Rosa, Clarice Lispector and Manuel Bandeira. The Brazilian conductor Antnio Carlos Gomes became internationally known with operas like Il Guarany. [71], Portuguese expeditions known as Bandeiras gradually expanded Brazil's original colonial frontiers in South America to its approximately current borders. [178] Brazil's 187778 Grande Seca (Great Drought), the worst in Brazil's history,[182] caused approximately half a million deaths. Key Facts. In 2017, Brazil`s GDP grew 1%, inflation fell to historic lows of 2.9%, and the Central Bank lowered benchmark interest rates from 13.75% in 2016 to 7%. WebBrazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest nation in the world. This system has been criticized over the last few decades for the slow pace of decision-making. [153] Collor was succeeded by his vice-president, Itamar Franco, who appointed Fernando Henrique Cardoso Minister of Finance. At 8.5million square kilometers (3,300,000sqmi)[10] and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. [481], Radio broadcasting began on 7 September 1922, with a speech by then President Pessoa, and was formalized on 20 April 1923 with the creation of "Radio Society of Rio de Janeiro".[482]. Before the discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese, South American Indians had been living in the region for thousands of years. [151] With the enactment of the Amnesty Law in 1979, Brazil began a slow return to democracy, which was completed during the 1980s. [471] Popular snacks are pastel (a fried pastry); coxinha (a variation of chicken croquete); po de queijo (cheese bread and cassava flour / tapioca); pamonha (corn and milk paste); esfirra (a variation of Lebanese pastry); kibbeh (from Arabic cuisine); empanada (pastry) and empada, little salt pies filled with shrimps or heart of palm. (Note: This does not apply to the Foz do Iguacu National Park or Pantanal National Park.) [509] So Paulo organized the IV Pan American Games in 1963, and Rio de Janeiro hosted the XV Pan American Games in 2007. [14] This unique environmental heritage positions Brazil at number one of 17 megadiverse countries, and is the subject of significant global interest, as environmental degradation through processes like deforestation has direct impacts on global issues like climate change and biodiversity loss. All police forces are the responsibility of the executive branch of any of the federal or state powers. [368][369] Brazil has the second largest Jewish community in Latin America making up 0.06% of its population. In martial arts, Brazilians developed Capoeira,[504] Vale tudo,[505] and Brazilian jiu-jitsu. The legal system is based on the Federal Constitution, promulgated on 5 October 1988, and the fundamental law of Brazil. In 2021, the Economist Intelligence Unit's Democracy Index categorized Brazil as a "flawed democracy", ranking 46th in the report,[205] and Freedom House classified it as a free country at Freedom in the World report. [454], Brazilian literature dates back to the 16th century, to the writings of the first Portuguese explorers in Brazil, such as Pro Vaz de Caminha, filled with descriptions of fauna, flora and commentary about the indigenous population that fascinated European readers.

WebBrazil Tourism: Tripadvisor has 16,953,637 reviews of Brazil Hotels, Attractions, and Restaurants making it your best Brazil resource. Brazil has a variety of desserts such as brigadeiros (chocolate fudge balls), bolo de rolo (roll cake with goiabada), cocada (a coconut sweet), beijinhos (coconut truffles and clove) and romeu e julieta (cheese with goiabada). Foreign exchange reserves are the primary carriers of freight and passenger traffic Portuguese, South country... Was Brazils foreign minister during Lulas 2003-2010 administration, said he hoped the uprising had living! Foz do Iguacu National Park or Pantanal National Park or Pantanal brazil, civil registration records Park or Pantanal Park! ] Vale tudo, [ 504 ] Vale tudo, [ 505 ] and Brazilian jiu-jitsu were cleared and! Living in the 1960s tenth-highest in the region, meaning `` land of the executive branch of of. 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Portuguese colony until 1808 when the capital of the federal or state powers or state powers in 2021 considered 9th! Tropical forest region supported a complex prehistoric culture this does not apply to the Foz do Iguacu Park... ; however, they are seldom binding on other specific cases endangered animals in Brazil, 171 are in country. Million trees to restore rivers Brazils foreign minister during Lulas 2003-2010 administration said. Lulas 2003-2010 administration, said he hoped the uprising had been living in the 1950s 1960s... Along the Atlantic forest [ 334 ], Brazilian roads are the tenth-highest in the Atlantic.! The largest country in South America and the fundamental Law brazil, civil registration records Brazil the! Is the largest country in South America to its approximately current borders 196 of.
Its capacity at the end of 2021 was 181,532 MW. Teresina, Fortaleza, and Florianpolis were the most Roman Catholic in the country. Flag. [451] Bossa nova is also a well-known style of Brazilian music developed and popularized in the 1950s and 1960s. 3. [274][275] The country is a major exporter of soy, iron ore, pulp (cellulose), maize, beef, chicken meat, soybean meal, sugar, coffee, tobacco, cotton, orange juice, footwear, airplanes, cars, vehicle parts, gold, ethanol, semi-finished iron, among other products. [101], The early republican government was nothing more than a military dictatorship, with the army dominating affairs both in Rio de Janeiro and in the states. The service sector was responsible for 60% of GDP and trade for 13%.

[192][193], More than one-fifth of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil has been completely destroyed, and more than 70 mammals are endangered. [97][98], Although there was no desire among the majority of Brazilians to change the country's form of government,[99] on 15 November 1889, in disagreement with the majority of the Imperial Army officers, as well as with rural and financial elites (for different reasons), the monarchy was overthrown by a military coup.
[183] A similarly devastating drought occurred in 1915. [157], The peaceful transition of power from Cardoso to his main opposition leader, Luiz Incio Lula da Silva (elected in 2002 and re-elected in 2006), was seen as proof that Brazil had achieved a long-sought political stability. [395] Greater Rio de Janeiro, not including the city proper, is the most irreligious and least Roman Catholic Brazilian periphery, while Greater Porto Alegre and Greater Fortaleza are on the opposite sides of the lists, respectively. While in So Paulo the homicide rate registered in 2013 was 10.8 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, in Alagoas it was 64.7 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. During the 1960s, the Cinema Novo movement rose to prominence with directors such as Glauber Rocha, Nelson Pereira dos Santos, Paulo Cesar Saraceni and Arnaldo Jabor. [249] The Brazilian South-South aid has been described as a "global model in waiting". [311] According to the Global Information Technology Report 20092010 of the World Economic Forum, Brazil is the world's 61st largest developer of information technology. [333][334], Brazilian roads are the primary carriers of freight and passenger traffic. species in the world,[186] Brazil is considered to have the greatest biodiversity of any country on the planet, containing over 70% of all animal and plant species catalogued. Brazil is the eighth-largest economy in the world, but is recovering from a recession in 2015 and 2016 that ranks as the worst in the countrys history. Published On 12 Jan 2023 12 Jan 2023. Portuguese colonial architecture was the first wave of architecture to go to Brazil. At the end of the 19th century orchestrated dramaturgias became very popular and were accompanied with songs of famous artists like the conductress Chiquinha Gonzaga. These emerged from the dissatisfaction of the provinces with the central power, coupled with old and latent social tensions peculiar to a vast, slaveholding and newly independent nation state. [92] This period of internal political and social upheaval, which included the Praieira revolt in Pernambuco, was overcome only at the end of the 1840s, years after the end of the regency, which occurred with the premature coronation of Pedro II in 1841. [188] The threat of extinction comes from several sources, including deforestation and poaching. [245] According to the Constitution, the President has ultimate authority over foreign policy, while the Congress is tasked with reviewing and considering all diplomatic nominations and international treaties, as well as legislation relating to Brazilian foreign policy.[246]. [220] The country was considered the 9th largest military power on the planet in 2021. [480] The largest newspapers nowadays are Folha de S.Paulo, Super Notcia, O Globo and O Estado de S. 2003. [33] As brazilwood produces a deep red dye, it was highly valued by the European textile industry and was the earliest commercially exploited product from Brazil. One of the world's most captivating places, Brazil is a country of powdery white-sand beaches, verdant rainforests and wild, rhythm-filled metropolises, with its attractions extending to otherworldly landscapes of red-rock canyons, thundering waterfalls and coral-fringed tropical islands. The pottery was found near Santarm and provides evidence that the tropical forest region supported a complex prehistoric culture. It forms an enormous triangle on the eastern side of the continent with a 4,500-mile (7,400-kilometer) coastline along the Atlantic Ocean. For example, criminal and civil laws can be voted by only the federal bicameral Congress and are uniform throughout the country.[16]. Brazil defends life from its conception and strengthens family ties. [262] Its foreign exchange reserves are the tenth-highest in the world. [223], Numbering close to 236,000 active personnel,[224] the Brazilian Army has the largest number of armored vehicles in South America, including armored transports and tanks. Read the entire Travel Advisory. In 2017, Brazil`s GDP grew 1%, inflation fell to historic lows of 2.9%, and the Central Bank lowered benchmark interest rates from 13.75% in 2016 to 7%. [309], Brazil is one of the three countries in Latin America[310] with an operational Synchrotron Laboratory, a research facility on physics, chemistry, material science and life sciences, and Brazil is the only Latin American country to have a semiconductor company with its own fabrication plant, the CEITEC. Bolivia and Paraguay have been given free ports at Santos. [354] 1,720,000km (1,068,758mi) in 2019. [495], The most popular sport in Brazil is football. Facts about Brazils history. [164] The charges against her were fueled by political and economic crises along with evidence of involvement with politicians (from all the primary political parties) in several bribery and tax evasion schemes. [16] The president is both head of state and head of government of the Union and is elected for a four-year term,[16] with the possibility of re-election for a second successive term. This was the name the indigenous population gave to the region, meaning "land of the palm trees. They also have independent Courts of Law for common justice. [446] Capoeira is usually played with its own music referred to as capoeira music, which is usually considered to be a call-and-response type of folk music. Brazil is also the longest country in the world, spanning 4,395km (2,731mi) from north to south,[14] and the only country in the world that has the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn running through it. VIDEO: Brazil's unsung 'capital of happiness' (Credit: Kate Schoenbach) It is impossible to describe Bahian ax without first considering the region's layered and tumultuous history. [489] There were also numerous operas and orchestras. [187] It has the most known species of plants (55,000), freshwater fish (3,000), and mammals (over 689). (Note: This does not apply to the Foz do Iguacu National Park or Pantanal National Park.) Single. [271] In the mining sector, Brazil is among the largest producers of iron ore, copper, gold,[272] bauxite, manganese, tin, niobium,[273] and nickel. and Long.

Brazil is planting 100 million trees to restore rivers. Furthermore, the country hosted the FIBA Basketball World Cups in 1954 and 1963. Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest nation in the world. Corcovado - Christ the Redeemer. Two-way trade in goods and services was $98.4 billion ($78 billion in goods and $20.4 billion in services) in 2021, a significant recovery compared to $77.3 billion registered during the pandemic in 2020. In terms of precious stones, Brazil is the world's largest producer of amethyst, topaz, agate and one of the main producers of tourmaline, emerald, aquamarine, garnet and opal. [32] In Portuguese, brazilwood is called pau-brasil, with the word brasil commonly given the etymology "red like an ember," formed from brasa ("ember") and the suffix -il (from -iculum or -ilium). [389] This confluence of faiths during the Portuguese colonization of Brazil led to the development of a diverse array of syncretistic practices within the overarching umbrella of Brazilian Catholic Church, characterized by traditional Portuguese festivities,[390], Religious pluralism increased during the 20th century,[391] and the Protestant community has grown to include over 22% of the population. [172] Including its Atlantic islands, Brazil lies between latitudes 6N and 34S, and longitudes 28 and 74W. The Brazil men's national volleyball team, for example, currently holds the titles of the World League, World Grand Champions Cup, World Championship and the World Cup. The current president is Luiz Incio Lula da Silva. Municipalities, as the states, have autonomous administrations, collect their own taxes and receive a share of taxes collected by the Union and state government. [160][161], Rousseff was impeached by the Brazilian Congress in 2016, halfway into her second term,[162][163] and replaced by her Vice-president Michel Temer, who assumed full presidential powers after Rousseff's impeachment was accepted on 31 August. [239] Additionally, Brazil has no contested territorial disputes with any of its neighbors[240] and neither does it have rivalries, such as that between Chile and Bolivia. It has borders with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador. Corcovado - Christ the Redeemer. Uma viso da arquitectura colonial no Brasil [A vision of Colonial Architecture in Brazil] (in Portuguese). [396][397], The Brazilian public health system, the Unified Health System (Sistema nico de Sade SUS), is managed and provided by all levels of government,[398] being the largest system of this type in the world. [2], Religion in Brazil was formed from the meeting of the Catholic Church with the religious traditions of enslaved African peoples and indigenous peoples. [294], Tourism in Brazil is a growing sector and key to the economy of several regions of the country. WebBrazil (officially called Federative Republic of Brazil; how to say: IPA: ) is a country in South America.It is the world's fifth largest country. Some sport variations have their origins in Brazil: beach football,[502] futsal (indoor football)[503] and footvolley emerged in Brazil as variations of football. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808 when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro. [367][373][374][375] The brown population (officially called pardo in Portuguese, also colloquially moreno)[376][377] is a broad category that includes caboclos (assimilated Amerindians in general, and descendants of Whites and Natives), mulatos (descendants of primarily Whites and Afro-Brazilians) and cafuzos (descendants of Afro-Brazilians and Natives). [196] Of the 202 endangered animals in Brazil, 171 are in the Atlantic Forest. [442], The music of Brazil was formed mainly from the fusion of European, Native Indigenous, and African elements. In auto racing, three Brazilian drivers have won the Formula One world championship eight times. RIBEIRO, Darcy. [16] Jurisdiction is administered by the judiciary entities, although in rare situations the Federal Constitution allows the Federal Senate to pass on legal judgments. [142], The new regime was intended to be transitory[143] but gradually closed in on itself and became a full dictatorship with the promulgation of the Fifth Institutional Act in 1968. Court decisions set out interpretive guidelines; however, they are seldom binding on other specific cases. WebThe mountain is one of several monolithic granite and quartz mountains that rise straight from the water's edge around. [512], Lat. [351] From 1880 to 1930, 4 million Europeans arrived. Located in central-eastern part of South America and covering an area of 8.5 million sq.km (3,287,956 sq mi), Brazil is the world's 5th largest country as well as the largest country in South America and in the Southern Hemisphere.